Wacana Ideologi Perlawanan dalam Tuntutan Rakyat di Media Sosial: Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis Teun A. van Dijk
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana ideologi perlawanan rakyat direproduksi dalam wacana “8 Tuntutan Rakyat” yang beredar di media sosial selama aksi nasional Agustus–September 2025. Masalah penelitian berangkat dari meningkatnya penggunaan ruang digital sebagai arena artikulasi politik publik di tengah krisis legitimasi kekuasaan dan ketidakadilan sosial. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis Teun A. van Dijk, penelitian ini memadukan analisis struktur teks, kognisi sosial, dan konteks sosial untuk menguraikan bagaimana bahasa berfungsi sebagai instrumen ideologis dalam pembentukan kesadaran kolektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wacana “8 Tuntutan Rakyat” mengartikulasikan empat domain ideologi utama: anti-korupsi dan moralitas kekuasaan, reformasi institusional dan desentralisasi kekuasaan, keadilan ekonomi dan kebijakan publik inklusif, serta hak asasi manusia dan demokrasi partisipatif. Secara tekstual, struktur kalimat imperatif dan diksi evaluatif memperkuat legitimasi moral rakyat dalam menuntut perubahan; secara kognitif, wacana tersebut mencerminkan kesadaran kolektif mengenai urgensi pemulihan nilai moral dan keadilan sosial; dan secara sosial, wacana tersebut berfungsi sebagai arena simbolik yang menantang dominasi politik serta memperjuangkan otonomi moral dalam struktur kekuasaan negara. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bahasa dalam wacana digital rakyat tidak hanya merepresentasikan perlawanan, tetapi juga membangun fondasi legitimasi moral baru bagi demokrasi Indonesia. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperluas penerapan model multidimensi Van Dijk dalam studi aktivisme digital, sedangkan secara empiris memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang bagaimana wacana rakyat membentuk resistensi politik melalui praktik bahasa.
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