Ritual Aluk Rampe Mataallo dan Aluk Rampe Matampu’ di Toraja Serta Relevansinya dengan Aktualisasi Nilai Sila I Pancasila
Abstract
Upacara atau ritual keagamaan suku Toraja yang dibedakan menurut arah persembahan dan doa yang dijalankan disebut Aluk Rampe Mataallo dan Aluk Rampe Matampu’. Dalam pelaksanaan ritual Aluk Rampe Mataallo mengarah ke timur, dan Aluk Rampe Matampu’ mengarah ke barat. Ritual yang mengarah ke barat dijalankan dalam hubungannya dengan penguburan orang mati, Sedang ritual ke timur atau ke arah matahari terbit berhubungan dengan kemakmuran. Aluk Rampe Mataallo identik pula dengan Aluk Rambu Tuka’, sedang Aluk Rampe Matampu’ juga sama dengan Aluk Rambu Solo’ yang merupakan warisan ajaran leluhur suku Toraja yang biasa disebut Aluk Todolo. Aluk Rampe Mataallo atau Rambu Tuka’ merupakan upacara adat yang lebih menekankan pada ucapan syukur. Sementara ritual Aluk Rampe Matampu’ merupakan upacara adat kematian masyarakat Toraja yang bertujuan untuk menghormati dan mengantar arwah orang yang meninggal dunia menuju alam roh, yaitu kembali kepada keabadian bersama para leluhur. Ritual-ritual adat ini memiliki nilai-nilai tertentu dalam kehidupan sukuToraja, yakni sebagai penghormatan terhadap leluhur, simpati dan empati, melestarikan budaya, perekat suku, dan spiritualitas. Nilai-nilai tersebut merupakan pengamalan dari nilai sila pertama Pancasila. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui pengumpulan data dengan teknik kepustakaan, sedang analisis data menggunakan metode hermeneutika.
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