Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Lirik Berejug Adat Pernikahan pada Masyarakat Suku Serawai di Kelurahan Sembayat Kecamatan Seluma Timur Kabupaten Seluma
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi yang terdapat dalam lirik Berejung pada prosesi adat pernikahan masyarakat Suku Serawai di Kelurahan Sembayat, Kecamatan Seluma Timur, Kabupaten Seluma. Berejung merupakan bentuk puisi lisan tradisional yang dilantunkan dalam upacara adat, khususnya pernikahan, sebagai media penyampaian pesan, nasihat, dan harapan secara simbolis dan estetis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik dengan teori tindak tutur oleh Searle yang membagi tindak tutur ilokusi menjadi lima jenis: asertif, direktif, komisif, ekspresif, dan deklaratif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dengan tokoh adat dan pelantun berejung, serta dokumentasi dan transkripsi lirik Berejung yang digunakan dalam acara pernikahan adat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lirik Berejung mengandung beragam tindak tutur ilokusi, dengan dominasi tindak tutur ekspresif dan asertif, yang mencerminkan fungsi utama Berejung sebagai sarana mengungkapkan doa, pujian, dan nilai-nilai budaya. Tindak tutur direktif dan komisif juga ditemukan, terutama dalam bentuk nasihat dan harapan kepada pasangan pengantin. Tindak tutur deklaratif ditemukan dalam konteks pengukuhan nilai-nilai adat dan restu dari pihak keluarga atau tokoh adat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Berejung bukan sekadar seni tutur, tetapi juga sarana komunikasi budaya yang kaya akan nilai sosial, moral, dan spiritual masyarakat Suku Serawai.
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