Simbol Alam sebagai Kritik Sosial dalam Kumpulan Puisi Bahasa Pohon-Pohon Tumbang: Kajian Semiotika Roland Barthes
Abstract
Puisi kontemporer tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai media ekspresi estetis, tetapi juga sebagai sarana penyampaian kritik sosial melalui penggunaan simbol-simbol yang bermakna. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan representasi simbol alam serta mengungkap makna kritik sosial dalam kumpulan puisi Bahasa Pohon-Pohon Tumbang karya M. Aan Mansyur melalui kajian semiotika Roland Barthes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotika sastra. Sumber data primer berupa kumpulan puisi Bahasa Pohon-Pohon Tumbang, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, dan penelitian terdahulu yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik baca, simak, dan catat, kemudian dianalisis dengan mengidentifikasi simbol alam, mengelompokkan tanda berdasarkan konsep denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos Roland Barthes, serta menafsirkan bentuk kritik sosial yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simbol-simbol alam, seperti pohon, langit, pelangi, api, badai, dan pagi, tidak hanya memiliki makna denotatif, tetapi juga mengandung makna konotatif yang merepresentasikan kerusakan lingkungan, krisis kemanusiaan, hilangnya nilai-nilai sosial, serta harapan terhadap kehidupan yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian, simbol alam dalam kumpulan puisi tersebut berfungsi sebagai media kritik sosial yang disampaikan secara metaforis dan memperlihatkan hubungan erat antara manusia, alam, dan realitas sosial.
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