Makna Idiom pada Kata “Marparbue” dalam Bahasa Batak Toba
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji makna idiom pada kata “marparbue” dalam bahasa Batak Toba melalui pendekatan semantik budaya. Kata marparbue secara leksikal berarti ‘berbuah’, namun dalam penggunaan idiomatiknya mengalami perluasan makna yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai sosial, moral, dan religius masyarakat Batak Toba. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik studi literatur. Data diperoleh dari berbagai sumber tertulis, seperti lirik lagu Batak Toba, Buku Ende HKBP, dan Alkitab, yang kemudian dianalisis melalui tahapan reduksi data, klasifikasi, dan interpretasi makna berdasarkan konteks budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa idiom marparbue tidak hanya bermakna hasil secara fisik, tetapi juga merepresentasikan jerih payah, keberhasilan, ketekunan, iman, dan ketaatan dalam kehidupan. Dalam konteks keluarga, idiom ini menggambarkan hasil pengorbanan orang tua terhadap anak, sedangkan dalam konteks religius, marparbue dimaknai sebagai buah iman dan kehidupan yang benar di hadapan Tuhan. Dengan demikian, idiom marparbue berfungsi sebagai simbol budaya yang mencerminkan pandangan hidup masyarakat Batak Toba tentang relasi antara proses dan hasil. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan kajian linguistik berbasis budaya serta mendukung upaya pelestarian kearifan lokal melalui dokumentasi dan analisis idiom bahasa daerah.
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