Kalimat Imperatif pada Poster Manner (マナーポスター) Edisi Tahun 2024
Abstract
Penelitian menganalisis jenis kalimat imperatif bahasa Jepang yang terdapat pada poster manner (マナーポスター) edisi tahun 2024. Kalimat perintah atau disebut juga dengan kalimat imperatif ini diartikan sebagai jenis kalimat yang mengandung perintah, nasihat, atau ajakan. Di dalam bahasa Jepang kalimat imperatif termasuk ke dalam koiyoukyuu no bun, yaitu kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai permintaan dengan 3 jenis yaitu Meirei (命令) atau perintah, kinshi (禁止) atau larangan, dan irai (依頼) atau permohonan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian yang lebih bersifat deskriptif ini mengutamakan paparan analisis secara deskripsi mendalam terhadap objek yang akan diteliti. Data yang diambil berupa kalimat yang terdapat poster Manner edisi tahun 2024 sebanyak 12 poster, yang penulis ambil dari website metro di Jepang. Setelah itu penulis melakukan analisis penanda gramatikal kalimat imperatif yang terdapat dalam poster tersebut. Penulis juga mengkalsifikasikan jenis kalimat imperatif yang terdapat pada data tersebut berdasarkan teori Nitta et al. Dari 12 data yang sudah dianalisis penulis menyimpulkan bahwa bentuk imperatif pada 12 poster manner didominasi oleh kalimat imperatif tidak langsung, kalimat imperatif langsung pada poster manner edisi tahun 2024 ditandai dengan bentuk permohonan ishikei bentuk ~you dan bentuk keinginan yang ditandai jodoushi (verba bantu) ~youni, kalimat imperatif tidak langsung yang ada pada poster manner edisi tahun 2024 meggunakan penanda nomina yang bermakna ‘peringatan’. Kalimat tersebut ditandai dengan munculnya kata 注意（Chuui）、配慮(hairyo), 危ない(abunai), dan 気配り (kikubari).
Keywords/Kata Kunci: Kalimat imperatif, Poster Manner, Bahasa Jepang
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