Bahasa Hak Istimewa dan Krisis Legitimasi: Analisis Wacana Kritis atas Kontroversi Tunjangan Perumahan DPR 2025
Abstract
Kontroversi tunjangan perumahan DPR tahun 2025 memicu krisis legitimasi nasional yang tidak hanya bersumber dari substansi kebijakan, tetapi terutama dari performativitas linguistik para legislator. Studi ini menganalisis bagaimana strategi retorika—normalisasi, minimisasi, dan legitimasi digunakan dalam ujaran publik anggota DPR, serta bagaimana strategi tersebut gagal ketika bertemu dengan ekologi media dan model mental publik. Menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis (AWK) Fairclough yang dipadukan dengan model sosiokognitif van Dijk, penelitian ini mengkaji lima ujaran legislator yang viral, liputan media, serta artefak digital seperti meme, potongan video, komentar warganet, dan tagar kritik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pilihan leksikal seperti hanya, wajar, kompensasi, dan hak berfungsi menormalkan privilese namun justru dibaca publik sebagai arogansi moral di tengah krisis ekonomi. Media arus utama dan media sosial memperkuat delegitimasi melalui reframing, viralitas klip pendek, serta produksi satir dan meme yang menggeser makna dari entitlement menjadi greed. Pada level makro, wacana ini membentuk konflik simbolik antara elite dan rakyat, menempatkan DPR sebagai aktor yang tidak peka terhadap penderitaan publik. Analisis sosiokognitif memperlihatkan bahwa reaksi publik dipengaruhi oleh skema ketidakadilan, memori skandal politik, dan afek kolektif. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa legitimasi politik dalam era politik yang termediatisasi sangat ditentukan oleh kesesuaian antara bahasa elite dan model mental publik; ketika keduanya tidak selaras, delegitimasi multisitus muncul dengan cepat, viral, dan masif.
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