Strategi Wacana dan Kekuasaan dalam Pemberitaan Pembebasan Bea Masuk Barang Jemaah Haji: Telaah Model Teun A. Van Dijk
Abstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis strategi wacana dan praktik kekuasaan dalam pemberitaan tentang pembebasan bea masuk barang bawaan jemaah haji di beberapa media Indonesia, menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis model Teun A. van Dijk. Fokus penelitian terletak pada bagaimana struktur teks (superstruktur), pilihan bahasa dan strategi linguistik (mikrostruktur), representasi sosial, serta konteks kekuasaan memengaruhi konstruksi makna dan legitimasi kebijakan tersebut. Data diperoleh dari pemberitaan BeaCukai.go.id, Tempo.co, Detik.com, dan Garuda.tv. Hasil analisis menunjukkan media-media tersebut tidak sekadar menyampaikan informasi, melainkan juga membingkai narasi sesuai dengan kepentingan ideologis dan politik masing-masing. Media pemerintah cenderung menekankan aspek formal dan legitimasi hukum, sementara media populer menggunakan bahasa yang lebih komunikatif dan persuasif untuk menarik simpati publik. Pemberitaan ini mereproduksi ideologi dominan yang menempatkan negara sebagai pelindung rakyat, dengan minim kritik terhadap kebijakan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa media berperan sebagai arena perebutan wacana yang mencerminkan dan memperkuat hubungan kekuasaan dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai dinamika bahasa dan kekuasaan dalam praktik jurnalistik Indonesia, khususnya dalam isu sosial-keagamaan yang strategis.
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