Karya Sastra sebagai Cermin Masyarakat: Analisis Sosiologis Cerpen Neka Karya Eep Saefulloh Fatah
Abstract
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra untuk mempelajari cerpen Neka oleh Eep Saefulloh Fatah. Penelitian berfokus pada ranah teks yang menggambarkan perubahan sosial, politik, dan ideologis yang terjadi di Timor Leste setelah kemerdekaan. Sebagian besar kritikus dan pakar sastra berpendapat bahwa karya sastra tidak hanya merupakan produk budaya tetapi juga merupakan sarana estetika yang mengandung konstruksi nilai dan realitas sosial. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, analisis cerpen ini difokuskan pada tokoh, latar, konflik, dan narasi sebagai representasi hubungan antara kuasa, identitas, dan resistensi. Studi menunjukkan bahwa Neka berbicara tentang tujuh masalah utama: ketimpangan sosial-ekonomi, tekanan politik yang disebabkan oleh konflik identitas, kekerasan ideologis, keterasingan sosial, kekerasan berbasis gender, kritik terhadap hegemoni kekuasaan, dan ketegangan antara nasionalisme dan marginalisasi identitas lokal. Melalui cerita yang diceritakan oleh tokohnya, cerpen ini menunjukkan bahwa sastra dapat menjadi alat untuk berpikir dan menentang sistem politik dan sosial yang menindas.
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