Proses Pewarisan, Konteks Ideologi dan Nilai Moral pada Cerita Rakyat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya: Suatu Kajian Antropolinguistik
Abstract
Sastra lama yang berkembang di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yaitu cerita rakyat. Sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman dan kemajuan teknologi, menyebabkan keberadaan sastra lama di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya semakin mengkhawatirkan dan terancam punah. Upaya agar sastra lama tetap hidup pada lingkungan penuturnya yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian dan pendokumentasian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses pewarisan, konteks ideologi, dan nilai moral yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi mikro untuk memahami secara mendalam bagaimana cerita rakyat tersebut diwariskan, dipahami, dan diinterpretasikan oleh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) proses pewarisan cerita rakyat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dilakukan secara lisan dan melalui tradisi lisan lainnya, 2) Konteks ideologi berhubungan dengan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap keberadaan cerita rakyat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan kepercayaan terhadap larangan serta hal tabu, dan 3) nilai moral pada cerita rakyat tersebut mencerminkan nilai-nilai dan kepercayaan masyarakat Sunda, seperti ajaran kebaikan dan keburukan, kepercayaan pada Tuhan, keharmonisan dengan alam, kesetaraan, dan keadilan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa cerita rakyat tersebut memiliki peran penting dalam melestarikan nilai-nilai moral dan ideologi masyarakat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa cerita rakyat tersebut perlu dilestarikan dan dikembangkan sebagai bagian dari kebudayaan nasional.
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