Analisis Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) dan Perkembangan Sintaksis Anak: Kategori Kata, Morfem dan Pola Kalimat dalam Perspektif Psikolinguistik
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji perkembangan sintaksis pada anak-anak dengan menyoroti tiga subjek, yaitu AAH, DM, dan PP. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui rekaman percakapan yang kemudian ditranskrip untuk dipelajari lebih lanjut. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa subjek AAH, yang berusia 52 bulan, memiliki Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) sebesar 3,5, yang menunjukkan bahwa ia berada pada tahap perkembangan sintaksis sesuai dengan teori Brown. Di sisi lain, subjek DM dan PP, yang berusia 38 bulan dan 36 bulan, masing-masing memiliki MLU sebesar 3,19 dan 3,25, yang tidak memenuhi ekspektasi perkembangan. Meskipun anak yang lebih tua tidak selalu menunjukkan MLU yang lebih tinggi, mereka cenderung menguasai lebih banyak variasi kata dibandingkan dengan anak yang lebih muda. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan sintaksis anak tidak selalu sejalan dengan usia mereka dan menekankan pentingnya konteks sosial dalam proses pemerolehan bahasa. MLU dapat berfungsi sebagai indikator perkembangan sintaksis, namun orang tua dan pendidik harus memperhatikan perbedaan kemampuan perkembangan bahasa setiap anak agar mereka dapat membantu anak mereka berkembang sebaik mungkin.
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References
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