Pemanfaatan ChatGPT sebagai Alat Bantu Pembelajaran dalam Menulis Teks Biografi pada Siswa Kelas X Teknik Kimia Industri SMKN 3 Banjarbaru
Abstract
Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence(AI), khususnya ChatGPT, membuka peluang baru dalam pembelajaran menulis. Kendati demikian, literatur mengenai penerapan ChatGPT melalui praktik instruksional di ruang kelas nyata masih terbilang minim. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan ChatGPT sebagai instrumen pendukung dalam menulis teks biografi berbasis digital scaffolding, mengungkap refleksi peserta didik, serta memetakan faktor pendorong dan penghambatnya. Dengan menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif berdesain studi kasus di SMKN 3 Banjarbaru, penelitian ini melibatkan satu guru Bahasa Indonesia dan tujuh siswa kelas X Teknik Kimia Industri yang ditentukan secara purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data mencakup observasi, wawancara semiterstruktur, studi dokumen, serta refleksi tertulis siswa, yang selanjutnya dianalisis mengacu pada model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil riset mengonfirmasi bahwa ChatGPT berdaya guna sebagai media bantu pembelajaran saat diselaraskan dengan digital scaffolding, seperti pemberian sampel prompt, pendampingan selam proses menulis, serta bimbingan dalam menyaring data. Refleksi siswa mengindikasikan adanya perbaikan strategi penulisan, peningkatan daya kritis dalam mengevaluasi informasi, serta tumbuhnya pemahaman atas limitasi AI. Efektivitas adopsi ChatGPT amat bergantung pada mutu rancangan instruksional, bimbingan guru, kecakapan merumuskan prompt, dan kesiapan siswa dalam memverifikasi data. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa nilai edukatif ChatGPT lebih didominasi oleh mutu praktik pedagogis yang disiapkan pendidik ketimbang keahlian AI dalam memproduksi teks secara instan.
Downloads
References
Amalia, A., & Murwaningsih, T. (2025). The use of ChatGPT in office technology learning for class X MPLB 3 at SMK Negeri 1 Surakarta. JIKAP (Jurnal Informasi dan Komunikasi Administrasi Perkantoran), 9(2), 188–198. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/JIKAP/article/view/90601
Asiah, N., Hermawan, S., & Taqwiem, A. (2024). Pengembangan multimedia interaktif pada pembelajaran resensi untuk siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Banjarmasin. Locana, 7(1), 72–90. https://doi.org/10.20527/jlc.v7i1.208
Belland, B. R., Walker, A. E., Kim, N. J., & Lefler, M. (2017). Synthesizing results from empirical research on computer-based scaffolding in STEM education: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 87(2), 309–344. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316670999
Dahniar, H. C., Hermawan, S., & Noortyani, R. (2019). Hubungan budaya membaca dengan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas XII SMAN 4 Banjarmasin. Locana: Jurnal Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa, 2(2), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.20527/jtam.v2i2.29
Dalman. (2021). Keterampilan menulis. PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
de Oliveira, D. (2025). Assessing ChatGPT in digital education: A case study on student perception. Digital Engineering, 7, Article 100067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dte.2025.100067
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2024). Buku panduan penggunaan generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) pada pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi.
Enjang, E. T. S. (2025). Peran ChatGPT dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menulis akademik bahasa Indonesia: Sebuah kajian literatur sistematis. KUNKUN: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(3), 159–172. https://ejournal.mediakunkun.com/index.php/kunkun/article/view/295
Ghazali, A. S. (2021). Pembelajaran keterampilan berbahasa dengan pendekatan komunikatif-interaktif. Prenadamedia Group.
Huda, N., Cahaya, N., & Alfianti, D. (2025). Keterampilan menulis puisi bertema kearifan lokal pada siswa kelas X.2 SMA Muhammadiyah Martapura (Poetry writing skills with local wisdom themes for grade X.2 students of SMA Muhammadiyah Martapura). Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pembelajarannya (JBSP), 15(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v15i1.21805
Jumadi, J., Effendi, R., Hermawan, S., Rafiek, M., Taqwiem, A., Luthfiyanti, L., & Faradina, F. (2026). Enhancing vocational students’ critical thinking through creative short story writing training. Bubungan Tinggi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 8(1), 293–306. https://doi.org/10.20527/btjpm.v8i1.17646
Kasneci, E., Seßler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasser, U., Groh, G., Günnemann, S., Hüllermeier, E., Krusche, S., Kutyniok, G., Michaeli, T., Nerdel, C., Pfeiffer, F., Poquet, O., Sailer, M., Schmidt, A., Seidel, T., & Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, Article 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2022). Panduan pengembangan pembelajaran digital di satuan pendidikan. Direktorat Jenderal Vokasi.
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2023). Bahasa Indonesia untuk SMA/MA/SMK/MAK kelas X (Edisi revisi). Pusat Perbukuan.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Noortyani, R. (2022). Dasar-dasar membaca: Pendekatan developmentally appropriate practice. K-Media.
Noortyani, R., Cahaya, N., Wiranda, N., Barkatullah, A. R., Fitriana, A., & Rahmawati, R. (2023). Integration of TPACK in smart learning-based learning tools for wetland contextual reading skills for students of SMPN 8 Tamban. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 8(8), 1900–1904. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8323408
UNESCO. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. UNESCO Publishing. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386694
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anissa Soraya, Dwi Wahyu Candra Dewi, Noor Cahaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
User/Public Rights
Under the Creative Commons license, users are allowed to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. Users will also need to attribute authors on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
- Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
- The right to self-archive the article,
- The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. The journal will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. The journal will only communicate with the corresponding author.
Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that the journal entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
Miscellaneous
The article will be published in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. The editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing, and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
