Gejala Gangguan Stress Pascatrauma Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas karya Eka Kurniawan: Kajian Psikologi Sastra
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gejala gangguan stres pascatrauma yang dialami tokoh utama serta mengungkap interpretasi ahli dan penikmat sastra terhadap penyebab gejala tersebut dalam novel Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas karya Eka Kurniawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat analisis deskriptif melalui kajian psikologi sastra. Data penelitian berupa kutipan teks novel serta hasil wawancara dengan seorang ahli psikologi dan seorang penikmat sastra. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi data, teknik simak dan catat, serta wawancara, sedangkan teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui pemahaman ulang terhadap data, mengklasifikasikan data, menginterpretasikan data, dan menafsirkan data berdasarkan teori gejala gangguan stres pascatrauma Kusmawati Hatta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh utama Ajo Kawir mengalami lima gejala gangguan stres pascatrauma, yaitu sifat yang terlalu berlebihan dan respons terkejut, penghindaran dan menarik diri, pengalaman berulang, durasi gejala lebih dari satu bulan, serta rasa bersalah yang signifikan. Gejala tersebut muncul akibat peristiwa traumatis masa lalu yang memengaruhi perilaku dan kondisi psikologis tokoh. Hasil wawancara juga menunjukkan bahwa trauma tokoh Ajo Kawir muncul pada saat ia menjadi korban pemerkosaan atau kekerasan seksual, mengalami kekerasan fisik, mengalami kejadian yang menimbulkan perasaan terancam akan dibunuh, dan menyaksikan langsung peristiwa-peristiwa traumatis tersebut. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa karya sastra dapat menjadi media untuk memahami fenomena psikologis secara mendalam.
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