Makam Imam Lapeo : Dari Fungsi Religius Hingga Ekonomi Masyarakat Campalagian
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika sosioreligius dan dampak ekonomi dari keberadaan makam Imam Lapeo di Kecamatan Campalagian, Mandar. Makam ini bukan sekadar situs sejarah statis, melainkan ruang publik dinamis yang merepresentasikan perjumpaan antara tradisi, spiritualitas, dan realitas ekonomi. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi anatomi ritual, ragam motivasi peziarah, serta fungsi makam sebagai ruang integrasi sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makam Imam Lapeo berfungsi sebagai pusat spiritualitas yang melayani berbagai motif peziarah, mulai dari dimensi teologis melalui tawasul, dimensi psikologis sebagai ruang ketenangan batin, hingga dimensi budaya melalui praktik nazar. Temuan di lapangan mengungkap adanya struktur ritual yang khas, seperti penggunaan simbolisme material berupa air doa dan bunga yang berakulturasi dengan kearifan lokal Mandar. Lebih lanjut, makam ini bertransformasi menjadi area ekonomi produktif yang menghidupkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar melalui pasar lokal dan jasa peziarahan. Secara sosial, makam Imam Lapeo menjadi jangkar identitas bagi masyarakat Mandar di perantauan, yang sekaligus menunjukkan ketahanan tradisi lokal dalam menghadapi arus puritanisme dan modernisasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa makam Imam Lapeo merupakan institusi sosial-religius yang mengintegrasikan aspek kepercayaan, sejarah, dan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat lokal secara berkelanjutan
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