Analisis Implikatur Percakapan dalam Novel Mata dan Nyala Api Purba Karya Okky Madasari: Kajian Pragmatik H. Paul Grice
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis implikatur percakapan serta pematuhan dan pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama Grice dalam novel Mata dan Nyala Api Purba karya Okky Madasari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data berupa tuturan tokoh yang mengandung implikatur percakapan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik baca dan catat, sedangkan analisis data mengacu pada teori implikatur percakapan Grice yang mencakup implikatur konvensional dan implikatur nonkonvensional, serta maksim kuantitas, kualitas, relevansi, dan cara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel Mata dan Nyala Api Purba memuat implikatur konvensional yang ditandai oleh penggunaan unsur leksikal tertentu dengan makna implisit yang bersifat stabil. Selain itu, ditemukan implikatur nonkonvensional yang terdiri atas implikatur percakapan umum dan implikatur percakapan khusus. Implikatur percakapan umum dapat dipahami melalui penalaran pragmatik yang bersifat umum, sedangkan implikatur percakapan khusus sangat bergantung pada konteks situasi dan relasi antartokoh. Pematuhan dan pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kerja sama Grice berperan dalam menghasilkan makna tersirat yang berfungsi membangun karakter tokoh, mengembangkan konflik, dan menggerakkan alur cerita.
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