Internalisasi Nilai Sosiopolitik dalam Puisi “Sajak Sebatang Lisong” karya W.S. Rendra sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Literasi Kritis Siswa SMA : Kajian Sosiologi Sastra
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji internalisasi nilai sosiopolitik dalam puisi Sajak Sebatang Lisong karya W.S. Rendra dengan menempatkan teks sastra sebagai medium kritik sosial sekaligus sarana pengembangan literasi kritis siswa SMA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi representasi ketidakadilan sosial, kritik terhadap negara dan wacana hegemonik kekuasaan, serta pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang merefleksikan kesadaran kolektif masyarakat Indonesia, serta menjelaskan potensi internalisasi nilai-nilai tersebut dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, khususnya strukturalisme-genetik, melalui teknik pembacaan kritis dan analisis isi terhadap struktur teks puisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sajak Sebatang Lisong merepresentasikan (1) ketidakadilan sosial akibat ketimpangan struktural antara kelompok elite dan masyarakat marjinal, (2) kritik terhadap negara yang mereproduksi wacana hegemonik untuk menutupi kegagalan kebijakan publik, serta (3) representasi implisit pelanggaran hak asasi manusia melalui penghilangan akses warga terhadap pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan martabat sosial. Selain itu, temuan penelitian menegaskan bahwa nilai-nilai sosiopolitik dalam puisi ini berpotensi terinternalisasi secara reflektif dan dialogis melalui praktik pembacaan kritis, sehingga berkontribusi terhadap penguatan literasi kritis, kesadaran sosial, dan sikap etis siswa SMA. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa puisi karya W.S. Rendra tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ekspresi estetis dan representasi realitas sosial, tetapi juga sebagai medium pedagogis yang strategis dalam membangun kesadaran kritis dan refleksi kebangsaan dalam pembelajaran sastra.
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