Analisis Gaya Bahasa Qashr Dalam Q.S Al-An’am: Kajian Ilmu Balaghah
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gaya bahasa qashr dalam Surah Al-An’am berdasarkan perspektif ilmu balaghah, khususnya cabang ilmu ma‘ani. Qashr sebagai gaya bahasa pembatasan makna memiliki peran penting dalam memperkuat pesan tauhid dan argumentasi Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka terhadap ayat-ayat dalam Surah Al-An’am yang mengandung unsur qashr. Analisis dilakukan melalui identifikasi struktur qashr, klasifikasi jenisnya; haqiqi dan idhafi, serta penentuan adat (alat qashr) yang digunakan seperti inna mā, nafi wa istitsnā’, dan taqdim wa ta’khir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Surah Al-An’am mengandung berbagai bentuk qashr yang berfungsi sebagai penguatan makna tauhid, penegasan kebenaran kerasulan, serta bantahan terhadap kesyirikan. Jenis qashr yang dominan ditemukan adalah qashr idhafi, dengan alat utama nafi wa istitsnā’, yang menegaskan eksklusivitas makna dalam konteks argumentasi teologis. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pemahaman terhadap qashr tidak hanya memperkaya aspek linguistik, tetapi juga membuka pemaknaan retoris dan teologis Al-Qur’an secara lebih mendalam.
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