Efektivitas Pembelajaran Mikro: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis dalam Konteks Pelatihan Profesional dan Pembelajaran Sepanjang Hayat
Abstract
Microlearning telah berkembang sebagai pendekatan inovatif dalam menjawab tantangan fleksibilitas dan efisiensi di era digital, khususnya dalam konteks pelatihan profesional dan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat. Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk ini mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai efektivitas, faktor penentu, dan tantangan implementasi microlearning. Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dilakukan dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, mengidentifikasi studi relevan dari basis data terkemuka seperti Scopus, Web of Science, dan ERIC. Hasil tinjauan mengungkapkan bahwa microlearning secara konsisten efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif (pengetahuan dan retensi), afektif (motivasi dan kepuasan), serta perilaku (keterampilan dan keterlibatan). Meta-analisis yang disertakan bahkan menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar yang signifikan secara statistik. Keberhasilan ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh desain instruksional yang tepat, relevansi materi, pemanfaatan media (khususnya mobile), dan karakteristik peserta. Namun, implementasinya menghadapi tantangan seperti risiko fragmentasi pengetahuan, keterbatasan evaluasi dampak jangka panjang, kesenjangan akses teknologi, dan resistensi terhadap perubahan. Disimpulkan bahwa microlearning merupakan strategi pelengkap yang sangat potensial, namun memerlukan desain yang matang, dukungan teknologi, dan strategi implementasi yang holistik untuk mengoptimalkan manfaatnya dalam mendukung pengembangan kompetensi berkelanjutan. Hasil peneitian ini memberikan landasan empiris dan panduan praktis bagi pengembang pembelajaran dalam merancang strategi microlearning yang efektif untuk konteks pelatihan profesional dan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat.
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