Analisis Tulisan Bahasa Madura Dialek Pamekasan: Kajian Ortografi
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sistem ortografi dalam tulisan bahasa Madura dialek Pamekasan dengan fokus pada huruf vokal, konsonan, tanda baca, dan kesesuaiannya dengan kaidah Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan (EYD) bahasa Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data diperoleh dari penutur asli melalui teknik simak dan catat terhadap teks-teks nonformal berbahasa Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem ortografi dialek Pamekasan bersifat fonemis, yaitu merepresentasikan bunyi ujaran secara langsung dalam bentuk tulisan. Hal ini tampak dari penggunaan grafem khas seperti jh, rh, bh, th, dan q yang mencerminkan fonem afrikat, aspiratif, dan glotal yang tidak terdapat dalam sistem ejaan bahasa Indonesia. Selain itu, penggunaan tanda baca seperti apostrof (‘), yang menggambarkan bunyi glotal /ʔ/, dalam tulisan sering digantikan dengan huruf q. Fenomena ini menunjukkan adanya konvensi ortografi lokal yang belum sepenuhnya terstandarisasi. Perbedaan ortografi lokal dengan EYD berdampak pada rendahnya keterbacaan dan konsistensi bentuk tulisan. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pengembangan dan standarisasi ortografi Bahasa Madura yang berpijak pada realitas fonologis dan kebiasaan tulis masyarakat guna menunjang pelestarian dan pewarisan bahasa daerah secara efektif.
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