Learning Independence and Learning Achievement Mediated by Learning Motivation in E-learning-Based Lectures

  • Nashruddin Nashruddin Universitas Muslim Maros, Indonesia
  • Musahrain Musahrain Universitas Samawa, Sumbawa, Indonesia
  • Sitti Aisyah Universitas Muslim Maros, Indonesia
Keywords: e-learning, learning achievement, learning independence, motivation

Abstract

The level of student learning independence in e-learning-based lectures has not been fully able to improve learning achievement without being supported by adequate learning motivation. This study aims to find the effect of the use of e-learning and learning independence, which is mediated by learning motivation, on learning achievement, in university level. This research is a quantitative study with a survey method, where learning motivation is a mediation variable or intervening, learning independence and the use of e-learning are independent variables, and learning achievement is the dependent variable. Involving 20 students of the English language education study program at Universitas Muslim Maros as research subjects, the researchers used documentation and distributing questionnaires to collect data. The data obtained were analyzed using path analysis using the application of IBM SPSS Statistics 19. This research finds that the use of e-learning has a significant effect on university students’ learning motivation, learning motivation has a significant effect on university students’ learning achievement; and can mediate the use of e-learning in influencing university students’ learning achievement. As an implementation in the development of science, the findings of this study reveal the fact that students’ learning outcomes are influenced by learning motivation, learning independence, and learning media such as e-learning.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Ghadouni, A. M. (2021). Critical thinking and blended e-learning: A review of scientific studies. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 30(1), 1016-1023. https://doi.org/10.24205/03276716.2020.2096

Al Rawashdeh, A. Z., Mohammed, E. Y., Al Arab, A. R., Alara, M., & Al-Rawashdeh, B. (2021). Advantages and disadvantages of using e-learning in university education: Analyzing students’ perspectives. Electronic Journal of E-learning, 19(3), 107-117. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.19.3.2168

Bahanshal, D., & Khan, I. A. (2021). Effect of COVID-19 on education in Saudi Arabia and e-learning strategies. Arab World English Journal, 7(1), 359-376. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/call7.25

Bradley, V. M. (2021). Learning Management System (LMS) use with online instruction. International Journal of Technology in Education (IJTE), 4(1), 68-92. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.36

Chau, K. Y., Law, K. M., & Tang, Y. M. (2021). Impact of self-directed learning and educational technology readiness on synchronous e-learning. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing (JOEUC), 33(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.20211101.oa26

Cho, S., Lee, M., & Lee, S. M. (2022). Burned-out classroom climate, intrinsic motivation, and academic engagement: Exploring unresolved issues in the job demand-resource model. Psychological Reports, 126(4), 1954-1976. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211054776

Cole, M. T., Swartz, L. B., & Shelley, D. J. (2020). Threaded discussion: The role it plays in e-learning. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education (IJICTE), 16(1), 16–29.

Curum, B., & Khedo, K. K. (2021). Cognitive load management in mobile learning systems: principles and theories. Journal of Computers in Education, 8(1), 109-136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-020-00173-6

Dahal, A., & Bhat, N. (2023). Self-directed learning, its implementation, and challenges: A review. Nepal Journal of Health Sciences, 3(1), 102-115. https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v3i1.63277

Elshareif, E., & Mohamed, E. A. (2021). The effects of e-learning on students' motivation to learn in higher education. Online Learning, 25(3), 128-143. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v25i3.2336

Fitriyah, I., Masitoh, F., & Syam, K. Y. (2022). Challenges and opportunities in e-learning implementation: Lesson from the past, principles for the Future. Education and Linguistics Knowledge Journal, 4(2), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.32503/edulink.v4i2.2707

Fresen, J. W. (2020). Embracing distance education in a blended learning model: Challenges and prospects. In T. J. Mays, F. R. Aluko, & M. H. A. Combrinck (Eds.), Exploring Dual and Mixed Mode Provision of Distance Education (pp. 108-124). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429287473

Gentile, T. A. R., Reina, R., De Nito, E., Bizjak, D., & Canonico, P. (2020). E-learning design and entrepreneurship in three European universities. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(7), 1547-1566. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2019-0407

Halvoník, D., & Kapusta, J. (2020). Framework for e-learning materials optimization. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(11), 67-77. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i11.12721

Hayes, A. F., & Preacher, K. J. (2014). Statistical mediation analysis with a multicategorical independent variable. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 67(3), 451-470. https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12028

Hour, J. M., Dehghani, M., Hejazi, E., & Salehi, K. (2024). Representation of independent thinking indicators in the curriculum of high school students. The Quarterly Journal of New thoughts on Education, 20(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.22051/jontoe.2020.29205.2892

Hu, K., Wang, Z., Martens, K. A. E., Hagenbuchner, M., Bennamoun, M., Tsoi, A. C., & Lewis, S. J. (2021). Graph fusion network-based multimodal learning for freezing of gait detection. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 34(3), 1588-1600. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3105602

Kassymova, G., Akhmetova, A., Baibekova, M., Kalniyazova, A., Mazhinov, B., & Mussina, S. (2020). E-Learning environments and problem-based learning. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(7), 346-356.

Marra, R. M., Hacker, D. J., & Plumb, C. (2022). Metacognition and the development of self‐directed learning in a problem‐based engineering curriculum. Journal of Engineering Education, 111(1), 137-161. https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20437

Mastan, I. A., Sensuse, D. I., Suryono, R. R., & Kautsarina, K. (2022). Evaluation of distance learning system (e-learning): A systematic literature review. Jurnal Teknoinfo, 16(1), 132, 137. https://doi.org/10.33365/jti.v16i1.1736

Mbaka, P. K., & Mwenda, E. E. (2021). Flexible and blended learning during COVID-19 pandemic: new norm in teaching and learning. Journal of Education and Practice, 12(5), 40-43. https://doi.org/10.7176/JEP/12-15-05

Moore, M. (2020). On a theory of independent study. In Distance Education (pp. 68-94). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003033950

Nashruddin, N., Alam, F. A., & Tanasy, N. (2020). Perceptions of teacher and students on the Use of e-mail as a medium in distance learning. Berumpun: International Journal of Social, Politics, and Humanities, 3(2), 182-194. https://doi.org/10.33019/berumpun.v3i1.40

Nouraey, P., & Al-Badi, A. (2023). Challenges and problems of e-learning: A conceptual framework. Electronic Journal of E-learning, 21(3), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.21.3.2677

Onah, D. F. O., Pang, E. L. L., Sinclair, J. E., & Uhomoibhi, J. (2021). An innovative MOOC platform: the implications of self-directed learning abilities to improve motivation in learning and to support self-regulation. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 38(3), 283-298. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-03-2020-0040

Ozyurt, O., & Ayaz, A. (2022). Twenty-five years of education and information technologies: Insights from a topic modeling based bibliometric analysis. Education and Information Technologies, 27(8), 11025-11054. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11071-y

Ployhart, R. E. (2008). The measurement and analysis of motivation. In R. Kanfer, G. Chen, & R. D. Pritchard (Eds.), Work Motivation (pp. 46-90). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203809501

Reed, N. (2020). The challenges of online learning: an interview with Natalie Reed. Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature, 1(3), 77-80. https://doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v1i3.31

Shams, E. A., Rizaner, A., & Ulusoy, A. H. (2021). A novel context-aware feature extraction method for convolutional neural network-based intrusion detection systems. Neural Computing and Applications, 33(20), 13647-13665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-05994-9

Sidhu, G. K., Ruofei, D., & Md Nawi, S. (2023). Enhancing postgraduate students’ reading skills via the pedagogy-andragogy-heutagogy (PAH) continuum training programme. Asian Journal of University Education (AJUE), 19(4), 728-742.

Singh, G., Bhatnagar, V., Gupta, R., & Kumar, G. (2020). Exploration of e-learning vs traditional learning in India. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(2), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.829

Sobel, K. (2014). The effect of occupational stressors on health and individual productivity: Assessments via Sobel test. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 48(1), 117-131.

Stenman, S., & Pettersson, F. (2020). Remote teaching for equal and inclusive education in rural areas? An analysis of teachers’ perspectives on remote teaching. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 37(3), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-10-2019-0096

Tejada, J. J., & Punzalan, J. R. B. (2012). On the misuse of Slovin’s formula. The Philippine Statistician, 61(1), 129-136.

Teo, T. S., Kim, S. L., & Jiang, L. (2020). E-learning implementation in South Korea: Integrating effectiveness and legitimacy perspectives. Information Systems Frontiers, 22(2), 511-528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-018-9874-3

Theelen, H., & van Breukelen, D. H. (2022). The didactic and pedagogical design of e‐learning in higher education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(5), 1286-1303. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12705

Thompson, M., Pawson, C., & Evans, B. (2021). Navigating entry into higher education: the transition to independent learning and living. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(10), 1398–1410. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1933400

Toan, P. N., Dang, T. T., & Hong, L. T. T. (2021). E-learning platform assessment and selection using two-stage multi-criteria decision-making approach with grey theory: A case study in Vietnam. Mathematics, 23(9), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9233136

Trust, T., Maloy, R. W., & Edwards, S. (2022). College student engagement in OER design projects: Impacts on attitudes, motivation, and learning. Active Learning in Higher Education, 24(3), 353-371. https://doi.org/10.1177/14697874221081454

Ulanday, M. L., Centeno, Z. J., Bayla, M. C., & Callanta, J. (2021). Flexible learning adaptabilities in the new normal: E-learning resources, digital meeting platforms, online learning systems and learning engagement. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 16(2), 38-56.

Vallée, A., Blacher, J., Cariou, A., & Sorbets, E. (2020). Blended learning compared to traditional learning in medical education: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.2196/16504

Wang, Q., Lee, K. C. S., & Hoque, K. E. (2023). The mediating role of classroom climate and student self-efficacy in the relationship between teacher leadership style and student academic motivation: Evidence from China. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 32(4), 561-571. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-022-00676-z

Zhao, Y., Wang, N., Li, Y., Zhou, R., & Li, S. (2021). Do cultural differences affect users’e‐learning adoption? A meta‐analysis. British Journal of Educational Technology, 52(1), 20-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13002

Published
2025-06-30
How to Cite
Nashruddin, N., Musahrain, M., & Aisyah, S. (2025). Learning Independence and Learning Achievement Mediated by Learning Motivation in E-learning-Based Lectures. DEIKTIS: Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa Dan Sastra, 5(2), 1390-1401. Retrieved from https://www.dmi-journals.org/deiktis/article/view/1767
Section
Articles