Complaint Strategies by Indonesian with Special Preference to Makassarese
Abstract
This research aims to elaborate the kind of complaint strategies do Indonesian with Special Preference to Makassarese employ. This research study adopts DCT (Discourse Completion Task) as the research instrument for collecting data. DCT is a form of questionnaire describing some natural situations to which the respondents are expected to react making complaints. The data for this study taken from 30 native speakers of Indonesian especially Makassarese. Subjects are asked to participate in the study in person by the researcher. The subjects are provided with a survey packet comprised of the Informed Consent, the Demographic Survey, and the DCT. Subjects are asked to complete the Informed Consent. In analyzing the data, the researcher makes a table of responses from all the respondents in each situation. And then, the data of this research are analyzed based on the compilation of strategy from six linguists such as Giddens (1981), Olstain & Weinbach (1993), Boxer (1993), Trosborg (1995), Murphy & Neu (1996), and Rinnert & Nogami (2006). By this compilation of strategy, the researcher identifies the strategy applied by the participant in complaining. The analysis shows that the kind of complaint strategies do Indonesian especially Makassarese in complaining are complaint, criticism, explanation of purpose, candidate solution, sarcasm, threat, apology, asking for responsibility, expressing disappointment, opener, justification, preaching, closing and satire. By doing a research about complaining behavior of Indonesian, the researcher suggests in this study that is the addition to the notion of classification of complaint strategy developed by the linguists based on the phenomena found in the research. The strategy is added up to this compilation is satire. Satire is a humorous way of criticizing people or ideas to show that they have faults or are wrong, or a piece of writing or a play that uses this style.
Downloads
References
Abdulgader Al-Shorman, Ra’ed. 2016. Saudi and Jordanian Undergraduates' Complaining Strategies: A Comparative Intralanguage Educational Linguistic Study. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume 7, No. 1, pp.203-228. DOI:10.24093/awej/vol7no1.14
Al-khawaldeh, Nisreen. 2016. A Pragmatic Cross-Cultural Study of Complaints Expressions in Jordan and England. International Journal of Applied inguistics and English Literature, Volume 5, No. 5.
Anna, Trosborg. 1995. Interlanguage Pragmatics: Requests, Complaints and Apologies. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Boxer, D. 1993. Complaints as Positive Strategies: What the Learner Needs to Know. TESOL Quarterly, 27 (2), 277-299.
Deveci, Tanju. 2015. The Complaint Speech Act Set Produced by University Students Speaking English as a Foreign Language. Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal (LICEJ), special issue, Volume 4, Issue 1. DOI:10.20533/licej.2040.2589.2015.0287
Eshraghi, Atefeh & Shahrokhi, Mohsen. 2016. The Realization of Complaint Strategies among Iranian Female EFL Learners and Female Native English Speakers: A Politeness Perspective. International Journal of English Linguistics, Volume 6, No. 2. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education. DOI:10.5539/ijel.v6n2p9
Hosseini, S. M. 2017. A Contrastive Pragmatic Study of Speech Act of Complaint in Terms of Main Components in English and Persian. Social Sciences and Humanities Journal. Volume 25, No. 1, pp. 239-260.
Li, Rui. 2017. Language Proficiency and the Speech Act of Complaint of Chinese EFL Learners. The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, Volume 23, pp. 60-74. DOI:10.17576/3L-2017-2301-05
Muhaya Al Rashidi, Nader. 2017. An Interlanguage Pragmatic Study of Saudis’ Complaints. Studies in Literature and Language, Volume 15, No. 2, pp. 11-19. DOI:10.3968/9835
Nguyen, Ho Hang Thuy. 2017. The Association between Gender and Vietnamese Complaint Strategies. Hournal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research, Volume 4, No. 3, pp. 269-282.
Olshtain, E., & Weinbach, L. 1993. Interlanguage Feature of the Speech Act of Complaining. New York: Oxford University Press.
Van Meenen, Sofie. 2016. Customer complaints on the Twitter profiles of the NMBS and SNCF: a pragmatic and cross-cultural study. Universiteit Gent.
Wijayanto, Agus. 2017. Impoliteness in EFL: Foreign Language Learners’ Complaining Behaviors across Social Distance and Status Levels. Sage Open Journal. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017732816
Yang, He. 2016. A Cross-cultural Study of Complaint Strategies by Chinese and British University Students. International Conference on Education, E-Learning and Management Technology (EEMT). DOI 10.2991/iceemt-16.2016.41
Copyright (c) 2025 Pratiwi Bahar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
User/Public Rights
Under the Creative Commons license, users are allowed to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. Users will also need to attribute authors on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
- Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
- The right to self-archive the article,
- The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. The journal will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. The journal will only communicate with the corresponding author.
Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that the journal entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
Miscellaneous
The article will be published in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. The editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing, and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
